中考英语语法讲解第二讲—代词
第2讲:代词
我们刚刚讲完了名词,现在再来看看名词的brother-代词。它与名词的作用其实很相似,所担当的句中成分也相差不多。 但也别小看代词呀!它还有很多的小个性呢!只要抓住它的几个小脾气,那么你就可以牢牢地掌握它了。
代词中第一个小个性就是物主代词。像my和mine这两个小冤家总是让人分不清谁是谁。但你只要记住它们最重要的区别-my的后面一定要接名词,不可以单独出现,只能做定语,如:my father;而 mine则是名词性,只能单独出现,在句中做主语和表语。如:Mine is green. Its mine. 记住这两个句子,凡是名词性物主代词(yours, hers, his, its, ours, theirs)就都可以放在mine的位置上了。这样,通过它们出现的位置不同,我们就可以把它们区别开了。
代词的第二个罗嗦就是它有一个小跟班-self(selves)-反身代词,也就是表示自己、亲自的意思。关于反身代词,需要注意的是她不能单独做主语,但可以放在人称代词后面,做同位语。如:Marry herself said so. 玛丽她自己这么说的。(不能说Herself said so.)下面我给你开点小灶,单独讲一讲须特特注意的地方。
Of+名词性物主代词:of +物主代词构成双重所有格。公式为:a(an, this, that )+名词+of +名词性物主代词。牢记公式,举一反三。因为物主代词不可与 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, no, each,every, such, another等词一起前置,修饰一个名词,而必须用双重所有格。如: a friend of mine(我的一个朋友),each brother of his(他的每一个兄弟).
some, any的用法:我们都知道some用于肯定句中,而any则用于否定句和疑问句中。 所以somebody,someone也用于肯定句中,而anybody、anyone则用于否定和疑问句中。
注意:在Would youlike some coffee?(要来点咖啡吗?)这样的肯定疑问句中,说话人认为对方的答案会是肯定的,或期望得到肯定回答时,用some而不用any。
every 和each的用法:every 强调全体的概念,指三个以上的人或物(含三个),不可单独使用;each强调个体概念。指两个以上的人或物 (含两个),可单独使用.。Every student in our school works hard.(我们学校的学生都很用功。) Each student may have one book.. (每个学生都可有一本书。)
both, either, neither的用法:
both意为两者全都,与复数连用。either意为两者中间的任何一个,neither 表示两者之间一个也不是,与单数连用。如:Both of the them come from London。他们两人都是伦敦人。 You may take either with you。 两个中间你随便带哪个都行。 Neither is correct。 两个都不对。
Few,a few和little,a little的用法:
Few,a few用来代替和修饰可数名词,little,a little用来代替和修饰不可数名词;a few和a little 着重肯定意思,相当于汉语有几个,有一点儿;few和little 着重否定意思,相当于汉语 没有几个,没有多少
OK,代词部分我们已经学完,Its a piece of cake? 接下来到了我们趁热打铁的时间了,
Are you ready?
练习:
1. We had plenty of paper but______ink.
A. a few
B. few
C. not many
D. not much
2. Learning a foreign language is especially difficult for those who have have never learned ______before.
A. one
B. it
C. them
D. that
3. Were very busy because weve so ______books to read and so _______homework to do every day.
A. much ... many
B. many ... much
C. many ... a lot
D. a lot ... much
4. I thought ______of the matter but still couldnt find out the reason.
A. every
B. both
C. nothing
D. everything
5. My car is not so expensive as ________.
A. him
B. hes
C. he
D. his
6. Lily and Lucy have arrived,but _______students arent here yet.
A. other
B. others
C. the other
D. the others
7. There are high buildings on ______side of the street.
A. both
B. every
C. any
D.either
8. -What do you usually have for breakfast?
-______eggs and ______milk.
A Little ... a few
B. A little ... a little
C. A few ... a little
D. A few ... a few
9. ______ is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it.
A. Something
B. Anything
C. Nothing
D. Everything
10. Is this story the same as ______in that book?
A. the one
B. what
C. that
D. it
实战:
1. There is _________old woman in the car.
A. 不填
B. the
C. a
D. an
2. We often go to the park _______Sundays.
A. on
B. in
C. at
D. from
3. My book ________on the desk.
A. is
B. am
C. are
D. be
4. Which language is ________, English, French or Chinese?
A. difficult
B. the difficult
C. more difficult
D. the most difficult
5. -________book is this?
-Its Kates.
A. when
B. Why
C. Where
D. whose
6.-Can you write a letter in English?
-No, I _____.
A. may not
B. mustnt
C. cant
D. neednt
7. I ________my homework when Mike came last night.
A. do
B. was doing
C. am doing
D. have done
8. He began to ________English three years ago.
A. learn
B. learns
C. learned
D. learning
9. Jim is a driver, _______he?
A. does
B. doesnt
C. is
D. isnt
10. Whats wrong _________you? the doctor asked.
A. from
B. with
C. for
D. at
11. He is rich, ________he isnt happy.
A. or
B. so
C. and
D. but
12.-Where is Alice?
-She __________to the library.
A. goes
B. will go
C. has gone
D. had gone
13. Help _________to some fish, Mary. My aunt said to me.
A. themselves
B. ourselves
C. yourself
D. himself
14. Well stay at home if it ________tomorrow.
A. rain
B. rains
C. is raining
D. will rain
15. The students _________on a farm for ten days. Then they_________to a factory.
Though they_______back school, they still remember those farmers and workers.
A. have stayed, went , was
B. had stayed, go , are
C. have stayed, go, have been
D. have stayed, went, were
实战:
1. There is _________old woman in the car.
A. 不填
B. the
C. a
D. an
2. We often go to the park _______Sundays.
A. on
B. in
C. at
D. from
3. My book ________on the desk.
A. is
B. am
C. are
D. be
4. Which language is ________, English, French or Chinese?
A. difficult
B. the difficult
C. more difficult
D. the most difficult
5. -________book is this?
-Its Kates.
A. when
B. Why
C. Where
D. whose
6.-Can you write a letter in English?
-No, I _____.
A. may not
B. mustnt
C. cant
D. neednt
7. I ________my homework when Mike came last night.
A. do
B. was doing
C. am doing
D. have done
8. He began to ________English three years ago.
A. learn
B. learns
C. learned
D. learning
9. Jim is a driver, _______he?
A. does
B. doesnt
C. is
D. isnt
10. Whats wrong _________you? the doctor asked.
A. from
B. with
C. for
D. at
11. He is rich, ________he isnt happy.
A. or
B. so
C. and
D. but
12.-Where is Alice?
-She __________to the library.
A. goes
B. will go
C. has gone
D. had gone
13. Help _________to some fish, Mary. My aunt said to me.
A. themselves
B. ourselves
C. yourself
D. himself
14. Well stay at home if it ________tomorrow.
A. rain
B. rains
C. is raining
D. will rain
15. The students _________on a farm for ten days. Then they_________to a factory.
Though they_______back school, they still remember those farmers and workers.
A. have stayed, went , was
B. had stayed, go , are
C. have stayed, go, have been
D. have stayed, went, were
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