2016中考英语：重点单词、短语用法大总结(一)

◆1.cost/take/spend/pay花费

花费时间做某事：It takes sbsometime to do sth.=sb spend sometime（in）doing sth.=sb spend some time on sth.

某人花钱买某物： sb spendsome money on sth . = sb pay some money for sth . = sthcost sb . some money .

※ spend 和 pay 主语都是人， cost 主语是物。

※ spent 还可以指度过 How did you spend your weekend ?

The sweater ________ me 90 yuan . =I_______ 90 yuan for the sweater .=I _____ 90 yuan on the sweater .

He spent lots of money ________ themobilephone .

It ________ her 20 minutes to go homeeveryday . = He ________ 20 minutes ________ home every day .

◆2 . thanks for为而感谢

⑴ ______inviting me to your birthday party .

thanks to 多亏/由于

⑵______ your help.I got good grades .

◆3 . 感叹句：多么 what + 名词

how + 形容词 / 副词

⑴. ______ badweather ！⑵. ______ hard he works ！

⑶. ______ freshvegetables ！ ⑷. ______ cuteamonkey it is ！

◆4 . 因为、由于： because( 连词 ) +从句： ( 表示原因 )

because of（介词短语） + 名词（短语 ）= thanks to

⑴ I didnt go to school ______ I had a headache .

He was late for class ______ the badweather.

He cant come _____ heisill .

Many people have a cold _____ thecoldweather .

※because和 so不能同时连用 .

◆5 . 来自： be from = come from

⑴ Where areyou from ? = Where ______ you ______ ______ ?

⑵ He is fromTibet . = He ______ ______ Tibet .

◆6 . How often 对频率提问（ 多久一次） 回答用表示频率的副词或短语

How long 对一段时间提问 （多久 ） 回答用表示一段时间的状语

How soon 对将来时间提问 （ 多久 ） 回答用 in+时间段

How far 询问多长距离（多长）

⑴- ______ haveyou been collecting the kites ? -For ten years .

⑵- ______ do yougo shopping ? -Sometimes.

⑶ - ______will your father come back ? - In two years .

⑷- _____ do youexercise ? - Once a week .

⑸- _____ is itfrom your home to school ? - About ten miles .

⑹- _____ are youstaying there ? - Two weeks .

◆7 . 乘交通工具： take a / the +交通工具在句中作谓语

by+交通工具=on a 交通工具在句中作方式状语

交通工具有：train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane

⑴ He takes abus to bank .= He goes to bank by bus . = He goes tobank on a bus .

⑵ I walk toschool . = I go to school ______ .

※骑自行车、马或驴用ride ： ride ones bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey inones car

◆8 . 对不起： Excuse me （劳驾，客套话）

Sorry ( 表示道歉 )

⑴ ______.Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ?

⑵Would you mindcleaning your room ? - ______ . Ill do itrightaway .

⑶- Dont eat in class . - _____ . Ms Clark .

⑷ _____ , isthis the way to the station ?

◆9 . 声音： sound ( 自然界各种声音 )

noise（噪音）

voice（悦耳的声音：嗓子）

⑴Lucy has a sweet______ . ⑵That ______ like agood idea .

⑶Dont make ______ . The baby is sleeping .

◆10 . look like (外貌看起来像 )

be like （ 性格像 ）

⑴Lily _____ _____Lucy . Oh , they are twins .

⑵ Tony______ ______ a monkey because he is cute and playful .

◆11 . take to 带去

bringto 带来

fetch 没有方向性（强调来回）

⑴ Tony .______ the ball here .Please .

⑵ My fatheroften ______ me ______ concerts on Sundays .

⑶ ______your homework _____ school tomorrow .

◆12. 一些： some 用于肯定句

any 用于否定句和疑问句

⑴ Id like ______ milk .

⑵Would you like______ yogurt ?

_ Thanks . I dont want______ .

※在一般疑问句中，认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到对方肯定回答时，也用some .

◆13. 多少： How many修饰可数名词复数

How much 修饰不可数名词

⑴ ______juice do you want ? ⑵ ______apples doyou want ?

⑶- ______is theT-shirt ? Its 30 yuan .

※ How much可对价钱提问：How much are the potatoes ?

◆14．看 ：see 强调看的结果

look ( at ) 不及物动词，强调看的动作

watch 观看：比赛、电视、表演、电影

read 读，朗读：看书、看报、看信、看杂志

⑴Dont______ in bed .

⑵ We will______ a basketball game this evening .

⑶ Please ______the blackboard . Everyone .

⑷ I ______ abird in the tree yesterday .

※On Saturdaynight . I saw an interesting talk show .

On Saturday evening . several kidswatcheda movie . watch a movie =go to a movie

◆15. stop doingsth 停止做某事 Please stop talking.

stop to do sth 停下来去做别的事

⑴ The girlsoon stopped ______ (cry ) . ⑵ Hewastired and stopped ______ (have ) a rest .

◆16. forget /remember后接不定式表示未发生的动作：

△forget /remember to do sth（忘记/记得去做某事） Heforgot to turn off the light .(没有做关灯的动作) Remember to go to the post officeafter school .

forget / remember 后接ving表示已发生的动作：

△forget /remember doing sth（忘记/记得做过某事） Heforgot turningoff the light .(已做过关灯的动作) Dont you rememberseeing the man before ?

◆17. 到达 reach + 地点

get to + 地点 reach = get to

arrive + in + 大地点

arrive + at + 小地点

⑴ He reachedLondon yesterday . = He ______ to London yesterday . =He ______ in Londonyesterday .

⑵ Shearrived ______ the bus station just now . ⑶ Youshould______ ( get ) home on time .

※当get to和 arrive at /in后接地点副词时，都不加介词。如：get home get there 省略 to

◆18. 擅长，在方面做得好： be good at = do well in .

⑴ She isgood at chemistry . = She ______ ______ ______ chemistry .

⑵ Niuniu isgood at ______ the violin . = Niuniu ______ well in______ the violin .

⑶ Lucy andLily are twin girls .Lucy is better ______ dancing thanLily .but Lily ___________ in singing than Lucy .

◆19. win （赢得 ）接a game、 war 、a match、 a prize

beat( 打败、战胜 )接运动员、球队、对手等。

⑴ Which team______ the football match ?

⑵ Wang Hao______ Ma Lin and ______ the champion of the Mens Singles .

◆20. 借 borrow sth . from sb = borrow sb .sth 向某人借某物borrow借入

lend sth . to sb = lend sb . sth把某物借给某人 lend 借出

keep延续性动词 ，与一段时间连用。

⑴ Can youlend me your bike ? = Can you ______ your bike ______ me ?

⑵ You canborrow some money ____ your brother . = You can borrowyourbrother ____ ____.

⑶ - How longcan I ______ the book ?

- You can _____ it for two weeks .

※类似用法的还有：buy have put on wear become be

leave be away from open be openbegin be on

die be deadreturn be back

① become Hehas ______ a doctor .

He has ______ a doctor for 10 years .

② begin Thefilm has ______ .

The film has _________ for ten minutes .

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